Roc – the giant bird of prey best known from the stories concerning Sinbad the Sailor from One Thousand Nights and a Night. Aesma was thought to be responsible for attacks on livestock, especially cows. Her name is translated to mean "to understand" or "to notice" and she inspired people to recognize the path they were on, change it if they were going wrong, and continue on with strength and perseverance if they were doing right (essentially, the personification of one's conscience). Bahram – god of victory in life and after death, associated with the warrior god Verethragna. Governed the autumnal equinox; known as Watcher of the West. Haoma – god of the harvest, health, strength, and vitality; personification of the haoma plant whose juices brought enlightenment and of which Gaokerena was the greatest and largest. Ancient Persian Gods, Heroes, and Creatures - The Complete List. Vayu (Vayu-Vatu, Vata) – god of the wind who lived between worlds, in the interface between the good of Ahura Mazda and the evil of Angra Mainyu and so could be a powerful force for either side. The following is a list of the various entities of pre-Zoroastrian Persia who appear in some of the most famous myths and legends. Nanghaithya: One of the Daevas, and archfiend. Oct 17, 2018 - Explore Zoroaster's board "Persian mythology" on Pinterest. It took 800 years to grow and was the source of light and water in the world; light was thought to be reflected from it and water to come from its snow-caps before gathering in the primordial Vourukasha Sea from which all other waters then flowed. Peri – a small, beautiful, winged female spirit better known as a faerie. Wikis. In Persian mythology Ahura Mazda was the supreme creator, and the god of light, truth, and goodness. Gandareva (Gandarewa) – a water demon in the form of a great dragon who churned the seas, sank ships, and came ashore to devour people, cattle, and homes. In ancient Persian mythology going back to Pre Vedai Era, Geus-Tasan is the divine creator of cattle. She was prayed to for protection and survival by soldiers prior to battle and so is also considered a goddess of war. Gandareva is said to guard the sacred haoma plant and tried to keep it and its many benefits for himself. Dangun, god-king of Gojoseon, god of the mountain; Dokkaebi, nature spirits; ... Persian mythology. Vohu Manah … Read more. Also written Abraxas or Abrasax, in Persian mythology denotes the Supreme Being. Greek Mythology in the West According to myth, Cupid was the son of Mercury, the winged messenger of the gods, and Venus, the goddess of love. He is the father of Apam-Natat, the god who provides these waters to humanity. Pairaka (Pairi) – shapeshifting female demons (daeva) who appear as beautiful women to seduce and corrupt men in the night. Mark, published on 16 January 2020 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. It was later re-imagined as the bull Srisok who brought the holy ritual fires to earth which had been first kindled by Ahura Mazda. Vohu Manah encourages people to do the right thing under any circumstance. World History Encyclopedia. The term 'mythology' comes from the Greek mythos (story-of-the-people) and logos (word or speech), meaning the spoken story of a people. The other major sources for Persian mythology are the Shahnameh (“The Book of Kings”) written by the Persian poet Abolqasem Ferdowsi (l ... (considered a divine element and also a god), were conducted outdoors, and elevated the supreme principle of Goodness personified in the being of Ahura Mazda, king of the gods. Silver Coin of Bahram IIby Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin (CC BY-NC-SA). Arishtat (Arshtat) – god of honesty who encourages decency, fairness, and justice. Hushedar was followed by Hushedar-mar and then by Saoshyant, the final messiah (whose name means “One Who Brings Benefit”), who would bring the end of the world and reconciliation with Ahura Mazda. The dog is led in three times but, if it hesitates, can be led in as many as nine times to make sure all evil spirits have been dispersed. Airyaman – god of friendship, healing, reconciliation. Persian Mythology and its Origins Persian mythology is the reflection of multiple eras pervading a 12,000-year chronology. For every good that Ahura Mazda brings into the world, Angra Mainyu finds some way to corrupt or destroy it, and yet Ahura Mazda turns his efforts to positive ends, constantly thwarting his attempts to subvert order and establish chaos. Zarich – the demon of ageing and decrepitude. He has a magic cup used in divination which was thought to contain the elixir of immortality. He is the twin brother of Angra Mainyu (Ahriman), the god of darkness, with whom he fights an eternal battle. Eventually, tales of a great hero of the mountains reached Sam who went to seek out his son and they were reconciled. Ardashir I & Ahura Mazdaby Lutf 'Ali Khan (Copyright). Tiri – god of agriculture associated closely with Tishtyra and sometimes given as his twin; poorly attested and possibly the same deity in an earlier form. Righteous Ass – the white donkey with a golden horn protruding from its forehead with three legs, nine mouths, and six eyes who guards the Tree of All Seeds and the great haoma plant, Gaokerena, in the midst of the Vourukasha Sea. Allatum – goddess of the underworld in the earliest vision of the Persian afterlife; later replaced by King Yima (also given as King Yama), the first mortal king to have died. Oct 2, 2016 - Iran Politics Club: Persian Mythology, Gods & Goddesses, Ancient Iranian Gods 1 - Ahreeman X. . See more » Kingdom of Khotan The Kingdom of Khotan was an ancient Iranic Saka Buddhist kingdom located on the branch of the Silk Road that ran along the southern edge of the Taklamakan Desert in the Tarim Basin (modern Xinjiang, China). This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. God of War Wiki. Tishtrya is represented as a white horse with golden ears, ornamented with gold trim, who battles the demons Apaosha (drought) and Duzhyairya (bad harvest), rising from the Vourukasha Sea, the source of all waters, to fly across the sky or dive into the waters to defeat his enemies. Huma Bird – a mystical bird who lived an exceptionally long life before dying in its own flames and rising again like the Phoenix. It lives beneath the Tree of All Seeds and, when the great bird Saena-Simurgh – living high in the trees' branches – flaps her wings, the seeds scatter and Chamorsh distributes them into the wind and rain to fall across the earth. Umm-Naush – nocturnal demonic predators who threatened human lives and cosmic order. Turco-Mongol. In some versions, Rashnu reads from the scrolls relating the good and bad deeds done by the soul in life, in others he holds golden scales which weigh these deeds against each other to determine the soul's destination in the afterlife. He was later recognized in the post-Zoroastrian movement of Zorvanism as god of limited space and time. Mithra's heroic qualities formed the basis for the central figure of the Roman mystery religion known as the Cult of Mithras, but the two deities are not the same. See search results for this author. The four-eyed dog – a dog with a spot above each eye – was considered especially potent protection against evil spirits. (2020, January 16). She is the later form of the earlier goddess Cista but with significant modifications such as her pivotal role at the Chinvat Bridge. He is associated with Simurgh, the dog-bird, whose feathers could be used to invoke her in times of need. Asha Vahishta – god of Truth/Righteousness, one of the seven Amesha Spentas. To add an article to this category, add [[Category:Persian_mythology]] to the page. The driving forces of Persian mythology were two powerful gods, sometimes presented as twin brothers. Christians practically borrowed their doctrine and Holy Scriptures from Ancient Persian Mythology. The snake, like in many other mythologies, was a symbol of evil, but many other animals and birds appear in Iranian mythology, and, especially, the birds were signs of good omens. Associated with the great dog-bird Simurgh, although some scholars claim they are two distinct entities. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/1488/. Iran almanac and book of facts 1964–1965. She is scared off by a dog, especially the four-eyed dog (one with a spot above each eye), who is led into the room between three and nine times for this purpose. Gaokerena – the healing and life-giving haoma plant which grew nearby the Tree of All Seeds in the center of the Vourukasha Sea. Like the unicorn, the karkadann could be tamed by a virgin. Parcourez notre sélection de persian mythology : vous y trouverez les meilleures pièces uniques ou personnalisées de nos gravure boutiques. Ahurani – wife or daughter of Ahura Mazda, goddess of waters, health, healing energies, wealth, and personal growth/development. Rakhsh – the great stallion of the hero Rustum, mightier and more intelligent than any other horse, and of amazing strength and speed. Nairyosangha – an angel associated with fire and, therefore, purity; Ahura Mazda's messenger who also carries the prayers of people from earth to heaven. God and guardian of peasants, peasants' homes and agriculture. Categories Persian Mythology. Ahura Mazda – king of the gods. The god Mithra might still be invoked and his battle with the dragon Azhi Dahaka still be told, but it was understood that Mithra was now simply Ahura Mazda fighting the forces of evil. Souls sentenced to the House of Lies were those who had followed and worked for the forces of darkness but, even so, they would not remain there eternally and would eventually be reunited with Ahura Mazda. Tishtrya – god of rain and the harvest, sometimes given a twin, Tiri (god of agriculture). The resultant discord mirrors the nationalistic ideals of the early Islamic era as well as the moral and ethical perceptions of the Zoroastrian period, in which the world was perceived to be locked in a battle between the destructive Ahriman and his hordes of demonic dews and their un-Iranian supporters, versus the Creator Ormuzd, who although not participating in the day-to-day affairs of mankind, was represented in the world by the izads and the righteous ahlav Iranians. About Persian Mythology: Captivating Myths of Gods, Goddesses, Heroes, and Legendary Creatures by Matt Clayton. Tascheter – one of the Four Royal Stars (modern designation Aldebaran) who worked for the good forces of Ahura Mazda. They are Armaiti (Devotion), Asha Vahishta (Truth/Righteousness), Haurvatat (Wholeness), Khshathra Vairya (Desirable Dominion), Vohu Manah (Good Purpose), Spenta Mainyu (Holy Spirit), Ameretat (Immortality). Mithra is depicted riding in a great chariot drawn by white horses, armed with a silver spear, bow, and arrows of gold. Ahura Mazda was the creator, a god of light, truth, and goodness. 03 Mar 2021. Thraetona … Read more. He was overthrown by the hero Fereydun who restored order and justice. Sam – great king and father of the hero Zal who abandons him in the Alburz mountains because he considers his fair hair a bad omen. Gavaevodata, an androgyne, was so beautiful that Angra Mainyu killed it but Ahura Mazda purified the bull's seed and, from this, came all other animals on earth. Saena Tree (Tree of All Remedies, Tree of All Seeds) – the great tree and “mother of all trees”, “mother of all plants” which grows in the middle of the Vourukasha Sea and sends the seeds of all vegetation out into the world when the Saena Bird, who lives in its branches, flaps its wings. They are either good, or they are evil. Amesha Spentas – also known as yazatas, the Amesha Spentas are seven immortal beings worthy of worship who personify the highest values and greatest goods. Drug (Druj) – an evil demon who is the personification of the lie. House of Song – the bright realm of paradise after death where the justified souls who had served Ahura Mazda were welcomed. Armaiti (Spenta Armaiti) – goddess of devotion, daughter of Ahura Mazda, one of the seven Amesha Spentas. Srosh – an angel, possibly the same as Sraosa/Suroosh, who announces the time of death of the king. Rudaabeh (Rudaba, Rudabeh) – a beautiful princess of Kabul in the Shahnameh, wife of the hero Zal, mother of the champion Rustum. Karmak continuously fed on human beings and livestock until killed by the hero Karsasp who showered it with arrows. Neriosang: Messenger-god in ancient Persia. Dev – demon of war and the terror of war, one of the most powerful daevas, completely lacking in morality or compassion. According to Persian Mythology, Goddess Anahita is the Immaculate Virgin Mother of Goddess Mitra. MITHRA میترا m Persian Mythology Derived from an Indo-Iranian root *mitra meaning "oath, covenant, agreement". Dogs – dogs feature prominently in Persian mythology as forces for good. Persian MythologyPersian Mythology in ContextPersian mythology developed in what is now Iran around 1500 bce. Haftorang (Hastorang) – one of the Four Royal Stars (modern designation Fomalhaut) which worked for good in the cause of Ahura Mazda. The archenemy of Spenta Armaiti, goddess of devotion, who encourages gratitude and thankfulness. Geus-Urvani – god of cattle and their protector. Persian Mythology: Captivating Myths of Gods, Goddesses, Heroes, and Legendary Creatures Kindle Edition by Matt Clayton (Author) › Visit Amazon's Matt Clayton page. He derives strength from the proper worship of the people; fighting well when offerings are made in the right spirit and faltering when his worshipers neglect him. We are now World History Encyclopedia to better reflect the breadth of our non-profit organization's mission. He is one of the Amesha Spentas and a powerful opponent against the forces of evil. Ahriman Statue Front Viewby Touraj Daryaee (CC BY-NC-SA). Royal Stars – the four major stars which influenced or, at times, governed human events. God of War Wiki. Indira the Vedic Aryan God of Thunder shared by Persians as well as Indians: Indira the Aryan God of Thunder on elephant top : Indira The Aryan God of Thunder and Storm. In the Zoroastrian text Vendidad, it is the mountain in the afterlife on the other side of the Chinvat Bridge, the span between the world of the living and the dead. The roots of Persian myth extend back more than five thousand years to the culture of the Aryan people who migrated into Iran from India. On the fourth day, the soul traveled to the Chinvat Bridge where it was met by the Holy Maiden Daena who would comfort it. Azhi Dahaka – the great three-headed dragon created from the lies of Angra Mainyu to corrupt order and thwart the best impulses of the world. Agas – demon of illness, especially of the eyes. Rapithwin – god of the midday sun, guardian of the south, warm winds, and summer. Karmak – the giant bird of evil so large that its wings blot out the sky and prevent rain from falling, thereby bringing drought to the land. Persian Mythology: Captivating Myths of Gods, Goddesses, Heroes, and Legendary Creatures Kindle Edition by Matt Clayton (Author) › Visit Amazon's Matt Clayton Page. Daena – the Holy Maiden who appears to the newly deceased on the Chinvat Bridge and comforts them as they cross. The effort of firing his great bow such a long distance killed him, but his spirit remains and continues to encourage others, especially those who are in danger of losing their way. Books Zal Taken by the Simurghby دوستدار ويکيپديا (Public Domain). Add new page. Drawn from the legendary past of Iran , they reflect the attitudes of the society to which they first belonged - attitudes towards the confrontation of good and evil , the actions of the gods, yazats (lesser gods), and the exploits of heroes and fabulous creatures. Spenta Armaiti, goddess of earth. Hadish Persian God of Agriculture. Persian Mythical Characters, Creatures and Plants. Mao – god of the moon in some works although it is more common to find Mah referenced as female deity of the moon. khsathra vairya … Read more. Kaveh (Kawa, Kaveh the Blacksmith) – the blacksmith in the Shahnameh who incites rebellion against the ruthless tyrant Zahak by lifting his blacksmith's apron on a spear. Persian Mythology, Gods and Goddesses. During the Islamic period, she became a symbol of beauty similar to the houris of Paradise. The god Vouru-Kasa watches over, and embodies, the sea and his son, Apam-Natat, is responsible for dispersing the waters around the world. The conflict between good and evil is prevalent in Persian myths as well as Zoroastrianism. Izha – goddess of sacrifice. The holy book of Zoroastrianism (which is actually called Mazdisna in Persian), Avesta, is the primary source for early Persian mythology. The Al (Hal) is the most feared of these demons as it preyed upon newborns and sleeping mothers and their children. Simurgh gave Zal three of her feathers to call upon her if he should ever need help. Mitokht. On the other side of the fence is Zahhak, a symbol of despotism who was, finally, defeated by Kāve, who led a popular uprising against him. The list will also include religious concepts and places considered important in ancient Persian religion, such as the Chinvat Bridge which souls crossed from life to death or the House of Song, the Persian vision of paradise. God of Cattle. They bring messages from the gods but might as easily fail to deliver them, or misspeak, as perform their task correctly. from the Persian culture, For example, those regions and peoples in the, Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, List of articles related to Persian mythology, Dialect, Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia: Glossary, Ferdowsi millennial celebration in Berlin, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Persian_mythology&oldid=998382321, Articles containing Avestan-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Indira the Vedic Aryan God of Thunder shared by Persians as well as Indians: Indira the Aryan God of Thunder on elephant top : Indira The Aryan God of Thunder and Storm. He is eventually defeated and destroyed by Ahura Mazda at the end of the world. When she found it produced pleasing sensations, she brought the rest to Jamshid who reinstated her and decreed that grapes should be used in making wine. The complete philosophy, doctrine and base for Christianity has been borrowed from the ancient Persian Philosophy of Mitraism (Mithraism.) Apam-Napat – a water god whose name means “child of the waters”. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Last modified January 16, 2020. Airyaneum Vaejah – also known as Eranvej, the center of the world; the ancient Iranian homeland first ruled by the just king Yima who was favored by the gods before he fell from grace. The driving forces of Persian mythology were two powerful gods, sometimes presented as twin brothers. Thought to be the inspiration for the Judeo-Christian demon Asmodaeus featured in the biblical Book of Tobit. Sassanian-style Plate with Simurghby akhenatenator (Public Domain). Persian spirits of great beauty who guide mortals on their way to the Land of the Blessed. Based on the legendary history of Iran, the conditions to which they originally belonged in the community are reflected: attitudes to the conflict of good and evil, activities of gods, yazats (lesser deities), and adventures of heroes and fabled animals. Hushedar-mar – the second of three saviors to appear before the end of the world. Zahak was a prince who was corrupted by the lies of Angra Mainyu, killed his father, and took the throne.